感恩節(jié)由來英文介紹

　　許多人認為感恩節(jié)是北美的節(jié)日，但在更早之前的西歐社會，人們就已經(jīng)舉辦豐收慶典，感謝富饒大自然給予的恩賜。當(dāng)歐洲人移民到新大陸后，也帶來了這一傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗。下面就來了解一下吧!

　　【The European Origins of Thanksgiving】

　　While people think of Thanksgiving as a North American holiday, one that goes back to the time of the earlier European settlers in North America. The fact is that Thanksgiving’s roots actually go back much further.

　　Thanksgiving’s roots go actually across the Atlantic back into Europe which is where a lot of the harvest celebrations originated at least in terms of European Western society. You can find a lot of these harvest celebrations actually worldwide.

　　But, particularly around in Europe and just where you had like the cycles. And Europe definitely oscillates between warm and cold.

　　There are very strong definite seasons and you have the harvest period when you brought in all the crops that you had planted throughout the season, toiled over and you are getting ready to ride out the winter and then you have the harvest. Often times people would celebrate by having a feast during this time.

　　And, places like Northern France and England were no exception to this.

　　And, many of these groups would get together and there would be, I mean these feasts would last over a period of days not just one meal.

　　And as we start actually entering into a period of European migration to the new world a lot of these folks brought their customs with them.

　　【Symbols of Thanksgiving】

　　Turkey, corn, pumpkins and cranberry sauce(酸果曼沙司)are symbols which represent the first Thanksgiving. Now all of these symbols are drawn on holiday decorations and greeting cards.

　　The use of corn meant the survival of the colonies. Indian corn as a table or door decoration represents the harvest and the fall season.

　　Sweet-sour cranberry sauce, or cranberry jelly, was on the first Thanksgiving table and is still served today. The cranberry is a small, sour berry.

　　It grows in bogs(沼澤), or muddy areas, in Massachusetts and other New England states. The Indians used the fruit to treat infections. They used the juice to dye their rugs and blankets.

　　They taught the colonists how to cook the berries with sweetener(甜味佐料)and water to make a sauce. The Indians called it ibimi which means bitter berry.

　　When the colonists saw it, they named it crane-berry because the flowers of the berry bent the stalk over, and it resembled the long-necked bird called a crane. The berries are still grown in New England.

　　In 1988, a Thanksgiving ceremony of a different kind took place at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine. More than four thousand people gathered on Thanksgiving night.

　　Among them were Native Americans representing tribes from all over the country and descendants of people whose ancestors had migrated to the New World.

　　The ceremony was a public acknowledgment of the Indians’ role in the first Thanksgiving 350 years ago. Until recently most schoolchildren believed that the Pilgrims cooked the entire Thanksgiving feast, and offered it to the Indians.

　　In fact, the feast was planned to thank the Indians for teaching them how to cook those foods. Without the Indians, the first settlers would not have survived.

　　感恩節(jié)由習(xí)俗

　　吃火雞：感恩節(jié)的食品極富傳統(tǒng)色彩。每逢感恩節(jié)，美國和加拿大人必有肥嫩的火雞可吃�；痣u是感恩節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)主菜。歐洲移民到美洲后，覺得火雞的外觀與土耳其“身黑頭紅”的服裝特色很相像，于是叫它們?yōu)椤癟urkey”(土耳其)。1947年杜魯門總統(tǒng)當(dāng)政時期增加了一項總統(tǒng)放生火雞的儀式。實際上這個傳統(tǒng)儀式可以追溯到林肯總統(tǒng)當(dāng)政時期。1863年的一天，林肯的兒子泰德突然闖入內(nèi)閣會議廳，請求赦免一只名叫杰克的寵物火雞。因為這只被送進白宮的火雞，即將成為人們的感恩節(jié)大餐。2007年11月20日，布什總統(tǒng)在一年一度放生火雞的儀式上，放生的兩只火雞分別叫“May”和“Flower”。它們的名字連在一起就是當(dāng)年清教徒來到新大陸所搭乘的“五月花號”的意思。

　　送食物：從18世紀(jì)起，美國就開始出現(xiàn)一種給貧窮人家送一籃子食物的風(fēng)俗。當(dāng)時有一群年輕婦女想在一年中選一天專門做善事，認為選定感恩節(jié)是最恰當(dāng)不過的。所以感恩節(jié)一到，她們就裝上滿滿一籃食物親自送到窮人家。這件事遠近傳聞，不久就有許多人學(xué)著她們的樣子做起來。

　　置餐桌：感恩節(jié)餐桌的布置也很有特色。主婦們不是照往常一樣擺放鮮花，而是擺放水果和蔬菜。中間還常常放上一個大南瓜，周圍堆放些蘋果、玉米和干果。有時人們還把蘋果或南瓜掏空，中間放滿去殼的干果或者點燃蠟燭。平時，女主人可以在飯后把客人讓到客廳里，但在感恩節(jié)卻不這樣做。感恩節(jié)的聚餐是甜美的，每個人都愿意在飯桌旁多呆一會兒，他們一邊吃一邊愉快地回憶往事，直到最后一根蠟燭燃盡。

　　做游戲：感恩節(jié)宴會后，有些家庭還常常做些傳統(tǒng)游戲，跳舞、比賽等。其中有些一直流傳至今。

　　蔓越桔競賽：是把一個裝有蔓越桔的大碗放在地上，4至10名競賽者圍坐在周圍，每人發(fā)給針線一份。比賽開始，他們先穿針線，然后把蔓越桔一個個串起來。3分鐘一到，誰串得最長，誰就得獎。至于穿得最慢的人，大家還開玩笑地發(fā)給他一個最差獎。

　　玉米游戲：據(jù)說這是為了紀(jì)念當(dāng)年在糧食匱乏的情況下發(fā)給每個移民五個玉米而流傳下來的。游戲時，人們把五個玉米藏在屋里，由大家分頭去找，找到玉米的五個人參加比賽，其他人在一旁觀看。比賽開始，五個人就迅速把玉米粒剝在一個碗里，誰先剝完誰得獎。然后由沒有參加比賽的人圍在碗旁邊猜里面有多少顆玉米粒，猜的數(shù)量最接近的獎給爆玉米花。

　　南瓜賽跑：比賽者用一把小勺推著南瓜跑，規(guī)則是絕對不能用手碰南瓜，先到終點者獲獎。比賽用的勺子越小，游戲就越有意思，常常惹得大家捧腹大笑。

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