- 相關(guān)推薦
英語動詞的時態(tài)
導(dǎo)語:有人說掌握好了動詞就相當(dāng)于掌握了一般的英語知識,那么與其相關(guān)的動詞時態(tài)也是很重要的,希望整理的這個對大家有幫助。
一般現(xiàn)在時表將來
1)下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的'一般現(xiàn)在時可以表示將來,主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如:
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽車什么時候開?十分鐘后。
2)以here, there等開始的倒裝句,表示動作正在進(jìn)行。例如:
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 車來了。
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了。
3)在時間或條件句中。例如:
When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比爾來后,讓他等我。
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里,就寫信給你。
4)在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等的賓語從句中。例如:
I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心。
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 離開房間前,務(wù)必把窗戶關(guān)了。
用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來
下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時可以表示將來。例如:
I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
Are you staying here till next week? 你會在這兒呆到下周嗎?
現(xiàn)在完成時
現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài),其結(jié)果的影響現(xiàn)在還存在;也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成:have (has) +過去分詞。
比較一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時
1)一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強(qiáng)調(diào)動作;現(xiàn)在完成時為過去發(fā)生的,強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。
2)一般過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現(xiàn)在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now等,皆為具體的時間狀語。
現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語:for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等,皆不確定的.時間狀語。
共同的時間狀語:this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。
3)現(xiàn)在完成時可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài),動詞一般是延續(xù)性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。
一般過去時常用的非持續(xù)性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如:
I saw this film yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了)
I have seen this film. (強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響,電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了)
Why did you get up so early? (強(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動作已發(fā)生過了)
Who hasn't handed in his paper? (強(qiáng)調(diào)有卷子未交,疑為不公平競爭)
He has been in the League for three years. (在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù))
He has been a League member for three years. (是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù))
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞(如yesterday, last, week, in 1960)時,不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時,要用過去時。
(錯)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
(對)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句型
1)It is the first / second time.... that…結(jié)構(gòu)中的`從句部分,用現(xiàn)在完成時。例如:
It is the first time that I have visited the city. 這是我第一次訪問這城市。
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。
注意:It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2)This is +形容詞最高級+that…結(jié)構(gòu),that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。例如:
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。
過去完成時
1) 概念:表示過去的過去
----|----------|--------|----> 其構(gòu)成是had +過去分詞構(gòu)成。
那時以前 那時 現(xiàn)在
2) 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞后的賓語從句。例如:
She said (that)she had never been to Paris. 她告訴我她曾去過巴黎。
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發(fā)生的`兩個動作中,發(fā)生在先,用過去完成時;發(fā)生在后,用一般過去時。例如:
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達(dá)時,小偷們早就跑了。
c. 表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過去完成時表示"原本…,未能…"。例如:
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那時我們希望你能來,但是你沒有來。
3) 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。例如:
He said that he had learned some English before. 他說過他以前學(xué)過一些英語。
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二歲那年,愛迪生開始自己謀生。
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
湯姆失望了,因?yàn)樗竭_(dá)晚會時,大部分客人已經(jīng)走了。
【英語動詞的時態(tài)】相關(guān)文章:
大學(xué)英語動詞的時態(tài)10-05
職稱英語?紕釉~時態(tài)分析09-28
俄語動詞時態(tài)的語法10-12
動詞的四種時態(tài)06-22
高中英語語法動詞的時態(tài)練習(xí)及答案09-06
馬來語動詞各個時態(tài)的例句08-06