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必須接反身代詞作賓語的英語動詞

時間:2024-08-13 11:30:12 基礎英語 我要投稿
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必須接反身代詞作賓語的英語動詞

  導語:根據(jù)英語語法,及物動詞必須后接賓語,但有些及物動詞,但它后面接只能接反身代詞作賓語,而不能接其他成分作賓語。英語中的這類動詞非常有限,最常見的有 absent, avail, pride等。如:

必須接反身代詞作賓語的英語動詞

  1. absent

  absent 用作動詞時,只用作及物動詞,意為“缺席”,只接反身代詞作賓語。表示“做某事缺席”,其后也接介詞 from。如:

  He absented himself from the meeting. 他沒有出席會議。

  Why did you absent yourself from class yesterday? 你昨天為什么沒來上課?

  They’ve arranged that I should absent myself for part of the meeting. 他們安排好讓我一部分時間不在開會現(xiàn)場。

  2. avail

  You must avail yourself of every opportunity to speak English. 你要利用一切機會說英語。

  表示“使用”“利用”時,雖為及物動詞,但只能接反身代詞作賓語,且主要用于avail oneself of(利用)這一結構,注意不能直接跟所利用的東西作賓語,如:

  誤:You must avail every opportunity to speak English.

  3. pride

  pride 用作動詞時,總是以反身代詞作賓語,且主要用于pride oneself on [upon] (doing) sth 這一結構。

  She prided herself on being a Chinese. 她以自己是中國人為榮。

  He prides himself on his ability to speak French. 他以會說法語而自豪。

  He prided himself on knowing 10 languages. 他為自己懂得10種語言而自豪。

  “動詞+反身代詞”的常用結構歸納

  1. abandon oneself to 沉溺于,縱情:

  He abandoned himself to despair. 他自暴自棄。

  2. advertise oneself 自吹自擂:

  Stop advertising yourself. 別再吹噓自己了。

  3. bend oneself to 專心于,集中精力于:

  He bent himself to the completion of his task. 他專心完成工作。

  4. commit oneself on 對…表態(tài)(承諾或表明意見):

  He didn’t want to commit himself on that matter. 他不想就那樣做任何承諾。

  5. commit oneself to 保證,承諾:

  Sorry, I’ve committed myself to working for Jim. 對不起,我已答應為吉姆做事。

  6. conduct oneself 舉止,行為:

  He conducted himself in a most gracious manner. 他表現(xiàn)得極為溫文爾雅。

  7. content oneself with 滿足于,滿意于:

  He contented himself with his present salary. 他對自己現(xiàn)在的薪水感動滿意。

  We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only. 我們切不可滿足于僅有一點書本知識。

  8. devote oneself to 致力于,獻身于:

  He devoted himself entirely to music. 他把自己完全奉獻給音樂。

  After he graduated he continued to devote himself to research. 畢業(yè)之后他繼續(xù)致力于研究工作。

  9. employ oneself in (doing) sth 忙于做某事(有時用于被動語態(tài)):

  He employed himself in writing. 他忙于寫作。

  He was employed in watering the garden. 他忙于澆花園。

  10. enjoy oneself 過得愉快,玩得痛快:

  I enjoyed myself at the party. 這次聚會我很快活。

  11. express oneself表達自己的意思:

  I don’t know if I’ve expressed myself clearly. 我的意思不知是否講清了。

  He expresses himself in good clear English. 他能用正確清楚的英語表達思想。

  12. flatter oneself 自認為:

  We flatter ourselves that we call do without their help. 我們自認為我們可以不需要他們的幫助。

  13. make a fool of oneself 出丑,鬧笑話:

  Sorry I made such a fool of myself last night.I must have been drunk. 對不起,我昨晚真是出丑了,我一定是喝醉了。

  14. make oneself [one’s voice] heard 使自己的聲音被聽見:

  I couldn’t make myself heard above the noise. 我的聲音被喧鬧聲淹沒了。

  15. make oneself understood 清楚地表達自己的意思,使自己的意思為人所理解:

  Can he make himself understood in English? 他能用英語表達自己的意思嗎?

  16. make oneself scarce 溜走,躲開:

  He’s in a bad mood so I’ll make myself scarce. 他情緒不好,我得躲著點。

  17. do oneself justice 發(fā)揮自己的能力:

  He didn’t do himself justice in the exams. 他在考試中沒有發(fā)揮出自己的能力。

  18. list oneself as 把自己列為…一類:

  He listed himself as a Marxist. 他將自己列為馬克思主義者。

  19. lose oneself in專心致志于:

  I soon lost myself in the excitement of the film. 影片中的刺激情節(jié)很快就把我吸引住了。

  20. pull oneself together 控制感情,使自己鎮(zhèn)靜:

  Pull yourself together and stop crying. 控制一下你自己,別哭了。

  21. repeat oneself 重說自己的話,重做自己做過的事:

  Am I repeating myself? 我以前說過這事嗎?

  History will not repeat itself. 歷史不會重演。

  22. resign oneself to 聽任,順從:

  I resigned myself to a long wait in line. 我只好在長隊中等候。

  23. respect oneself自尊,自重:

  No girl who respected herself would go out dressed like that. 任何一個自重的女孩都不會穿著那樣的衣服出門。

  24. revenge oneself on sb 向某人報仇:

  He was determined to revenge himself on his father’s murderer. 他決心要向殺害他父親的兇手報仇。

  25. save oneself the bother of doing sth 省得自己麻煩去做某事:

  I should have phoned the shop first and saved myself the bother of going there. 我本來應該先給商店打個電話的,這樣也就省得我走一趟。

  26. say to oneself 心里想:

  I said to myself, “I’ll do it this way.” 我心里想:“我就這樣做。”

  27. seat oneself 就坐:

  Please seat yourself. 請坐。

  He seated himself near the window. 他在窗戶邊坐下。

  28. speak for oneself 不言而喻,不辯自明:

  The company has had a very successful year: the figures speak for themselves. 該公司本年度非常成功,一看數(shù)字便知道。

  29. suit oneself 隨自己的愿意:

  You don’t want to come? Well, suit yourself. 你不想來,那好,隨你便。

  30. throw oneself into 全身心投入:

  After my girlfriend left me, I threw myself into my work. 女朋友離開我之后,我把整個身心都投入到工作中去了。

  31. throw oneself on sb’s mercy 請求某人寬。

  They didn’t throw themselves on her mercy. 他們沒有向她請求寬恕。

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